Comprehensive Guide to Industrial Bearing Lubrication: Method Selection
Release Time:【2025-10-14】 Author:【 RANGYUN
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1. Core Functions of Bearing Lubrication
| Friction Control | The lubrication film reduces direct metal contact between the rolling elements and raceways, lowering the friction coefficient by over 60%. |
|---|---|
| Heat Dissipation and Cooling | Under high-speed conditions, the lubricating oil can carry away 80%-90% of the frictional heat. |
| Rust and Corrosion Prevention | High-quality lubricating grease can isolate water vapor and corrosive media (such as SO₂, Cl⁻). |
| Contaminant Isolation | The lubricant forms a physical barrier, preventing particles from entering the bearing interior. |
2. Comparison of Main Lubrication Methods
| Lubrication Method | Applicable Speed Range | Maintenance Cycle | Typical Application Scenarios |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grease Lubrication | Low to Medium Speed | 3-6 Months | Motors, Fans |
| Oil Lubrication | Medium to High Speed | Continuous Supplementation | Gearboxes, Turbines |
| Solid Lubrication | Extreme Environments | Maintenance-Free | Aerospace, Vacuum Environments |
3. Golden Guidelines for Lubricant Selection
| Base Oil Type | Mineral Oil: Low cost, suitable for -20°C~120°C; Synthetic Oil (PAO/Esters): High-temperature resistance (up to 200°C), strong oxidation resistance. |
|---|---|
| Thickener Matching | Lithium Grease: General-purpose, accounting for 70% of the market share; Polyurea Grease: Long service life, preferred for food-grade applications. |
| Additive Solutions | Extreme Pressure Additives (e.g., MoS₂): Suitable for shock loads; Anti-Rust Additives: Essential for humid environments. |
4. Lubrication Failure Warning Signs
When abnormal bearing temperatures are detected, the following process should be followed for troubleshooting:
| Color Abnormalities | If the lubricating grease turns black, it indicates oxidation and degradation (acid value > 2mg KOH/g, replacement is needed). |
|---|---|
| Increased Noise | Insufficient lubrication can increase vibration levels by 3-5 dB. |
| Temperature Rise | If the bearing temperature exceeds the ambient temperature by 40°C, troubleshooting is required. |
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